Карен Армстронг - Битва за Бога: История фундаментализма
486
Армстронг К. Иерусалим. Один город, три религии. – М.: Альпина нон-фикшн, 2011.
487
Хагига, 2:7.
488
Heilman and Friedman, «Religious Fundamentalism and Religious Jews,» 226–29; Gerald Cromer, «Withdrawal and Conquest: Two Aspects of the Haredi Response to Modernity,» in Laurence J. Silberstein (ed.), Jewish Fundamentalism in Comparative Perspective: Religion, Ideology, and the Crisis of Modernity (New York and London, 1993), 166–68; Ravitsky, Messianism, 77.
489
Ravitsky, Messianism, 67.
490
Ibid., 67.
491
Ibid., 69.
492
Ibid., 71.
493
Heilman and Friedman, «Religious Fundamentalism and Religious Jews,» 226–229; Gerald Cromer, «Withdrawal and Conquest: Two Aspects of the Haredi Response to Modernity,» in Laurence J. Silberstein (ed.), Jewish Fundamentalism in Comparative Perspective: Religion, Ideology, and the Crisis of Modernity (New York and London, 1993), 166–168; Ravitsky, Messianism, 77.
494
Ehud Sprinzak, «Three Models of Religious Violence: The Case of Jewish Fundamentalism in Israel,» in Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appleby (eds.), Fundamentalisms and the State (Chicago and London, 1993), 465–469.
495
Ravitsky, Messianism, 60.
496
Heilman and Friedman, «Religious Fundamentalism and Religious Jews,» 220.
497
Michael Rosenak, «Jewish Fundamentalism in Israeli Education,» in Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appleby (eds.), Fundamentalisms and Society (Chicago and London, 1993), 383–384.
498
Mishneh Rav Aaron (Lakewood, 1980), in Hayim Soloveitchic, «Migration, Acculturation and the New Role of Texts,» in Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appleby (eds.), Accounting for Fundamentalisms (Chicago and London, 1994), 247.
499
Ibid., 250–251.
500
Ibid., 202.
501
Menachem Friedman, «The Market Model and Religious Radicalism,» in Silberstein (ed.), Jewish Fundamentalism in Comparative Perspective, 194.
502
Ис. 23:10–11, Лев. 25:1–7.
503
Heilman and Friedman, «Religious Fundamentalism and Religious Jews,» 229–31.
504
Friedman, «The Market Model,» 194.
505
Ibid., 197–205.
506
Ibid., 194.
507
Soloveitchic, «Migration, Acculturation and the New Role of Texts,» 210, 220–221; Rosenak, «Jewish Fundamentalism in Israeli Education,» 382–389.
508
David Hoffman, in Rosenak, «Jewish Fundamentalism in Israeli Education,» 385.
509
Ibid., 382.
510
Menachem Friedman, «Habad as Messianic Fundamentalism,» in Marty and Appleby (eds.), Accounting for Fundamentalisms, 337–341.
511
Ibid., 340–351.
512
Ravitsky, Messianism, 186–187.
513
Ibid., 188–192.
514
Nancy T. Ammerman, «North American Protestant Fundamentalism,» in Marty and Appleby (eds.), Fundamentalisms Observed, 32–33; George M. Marsden, Fundamentalism and American Culture: The Shaping of Twentieth Century Evangelicalism 1870–1925 (New York and Oxford, 1980), 194.
515
Quentin Schultze, «The Two Faces of Fundamentalist Higher Education,» in Marty and Appleby (eds.), Fundamentalisms and Society, 499.
516
Melton Wright, Fortress of Faith: The Story of Bob Jones University (Greenville, S. C., 1984), 295.
517
Bob Jones II, Cornbread and Caviare (Greenville, S. C., 1985), 217.
518
Bulletin: Undergraduate, 1990–1991.
519
Schultze, «The Two Faces of Fundamentalist Higher Education,» 502.
520
Bob Jones II, Cornbread and Caviare, 203–204, 163, 165.
521
R. Laurence Moore, Religious Outsiders and the Making of Americans (Oxford and New York, 1986), 116.
522
Robert C. Fuller, Naming the Antichrist: The History of an American Obsession (Oxford and New York, 1995), 137–38; Ammerman, «North American Protestant Fundamentalism,» 35.
523
Ammerman, «North American Protestant Fundamentalism,» 29, 37.
524
Herbert Lockyear, Cameos of Prophecy: Are These the Last Days? (Grand Rapids, Mich., 1942), 66, 71.
525
2-е послание Петра 3:10.
526
Paul Boyer, When Time Shall Be No More: Prophecy Belief in Modern American Culture (Cambridge, Mass., and London, 1992), 117–118.
527
Fundamentalist Journal, May 1988.
528
Boyer, When Time Shall Be No More, 187–189.
529
Зах. 13:8.
530
John Walvoord, Israel and Prophecy (Grand Rapids, Mich., 1962).
531
Richard P. Mitchell, The Society of the Muslim Brothers (New York and Oxford, 1969), 1–4.
532
John Exposito, «Islam and Muslim Politics,» in Esposito (ed.), Voices of Resurgent Islam (New York and Oxford, 1983), 10.
533
Mitchell, The Society of the Muslim Brothers, 4–5.
534
Ibid., 7.
535
Ibid., 6.
536
Ibid., 7, 185–189.
537
Ibid., 14, 232–234.
538
Ibid., 8. История и обращение могут быть апокрифичными, однако они вполне передают первоначальный дух общества «Братья-мусульмане», основанного в ту ночь Хасаном аль-Банной.
539
Ibid., 9–13, 328.
540
A. Abidi, Jordan: A Political Study (London, 1965), 197.
541
Mitchell, The Society of Muslim Brothers, 260, 308, 224, 226–227.
542
Ibid., 233.
543
Ibid., 236–239.
544
Ibid., 195–198.
545
Ibid., 287.
546
Ibid., 200–204.
547
Ibid., 288–289.
548
Ibid., 274–281.
549
Ibid., 281.
550
Ibid., 235, 240–241.
551
Ibid., 245–253.
552
Ibid., 242.
553
Muhammad al-Ghazzali, in Mitchell, ibid., 229.
554
Mitchell, The Society of Muslim Brothers, 205–206.
555
Ibid., 206.
556
Marshall G. S. Hodgson, The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization, 3 vols. (Chicago and London, 1974), III, 171.
557
Anwar Sadat, Revolt on the Nile (New York, 1957), 142–143.
558
Mitchell, The Society of Muslim Brothers, 16, 313–318.
559
Ibid., 312.
560
Ibid., 70.
561
Ibid., 319.
562
Обвинение было ложным: после смерти Банны внутренние распри настолько истощили братство, что ему было не до переворотов.
563
Ibid., 152–161.
564
Martin Riesebrodt, Pious Passion: The Emergence of Modern Fundamentalism in the United States and Iran (trans. Don Reneau; Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London, 1993), 110–13. На рус. языке в реферативном изложении см.: Васильев А. В. Ризеброт. Набожные страсти. Возникновение современного фундаментализма в Соединенных Штатах и в Иране // Социальные и гуманитарные науки. Отечественная и зарубежная литература. Серия 5: История. Реферативный журнал. ИНИОН РАН. – 1996. – № 4. – С. 231–232.; Nikki R. Keddie, Roots of Revolution, An Interpretive History of Modern Iran (New Haven, Conn., and London, 1981), 87–112.
565
Moojan Momen, An Introduction to Shii Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiism (New Haven, Conn., and London, 1985), 251; Keddie, Roots of Revolution, 93–94.
566
Keddie, Roots of Revolution, 96–97.
567
Ibid, 95.
568
Ibid., 90, 110.
569
Momen, An Introduction to Shii Islam, 226; Riesebrodt, Pious Passion, 111–112. На рус. языке в реферативном изложении см.: Васильев А. В. Ризеброт. Набожные страсти. Возникновение современного фундаментализма в Соединенных Штатах и в Иране // Социальные и гуманитарные науки. Отечественная и зарубежная литература. Серия 5: История. Реферативный журнал. ИНИОН РАН. – 1996. – № 4. – С. 231–232; Azar Tabari, «The Role of the Shii Clergy in Modern Iranian Politics,» in Keddie (ed.), Religion and Politics: Shiism from Quietism to Revolution (New Haven, Conn., and London, 1983), 60; Shahrough Akhavi, Religion and Politics in Contemporary Iran: Clergy-State Relations in the Pahlavi Period (Albany, N. Y., 1980), 38–40.
570
Tabari, «The Role of the Shii Clergy,» 63.
571
Akhavi, Religion and Politics in Contemporary Iran, 58–59.
572
Ibid., 27.
573
Tabari, «The Role of the Shii Clergy,» 60–64.
574
Yann Richard, «Ayatolla Kashani: Precursor of the Islamic Republic?» in Keddie (ed.), Religion and Politics, 101–24.
575
Ibid., 108.
576
Ibid., 107–108.
577
Ibid., 108.
578
Keddie, Roots of Revolution, 132–141.
579
Ibid., 142–45.
580
Richard, «Ayatollah Kashani,» 118.
581
J. L. Talmon, The Origins of Totalitarian Democracy (London, 1953). В рус. переводе: Талмон Дж. Л. Истоки тоталитарной демократии / Тоталитаризм: что это такое (исследования зарубежных политологов). Сб. статей, обзоров, рефератов, переводов. – М.: ИНИОН, 1993. – Ч. 1.
582
Daniel Crecelius, «Nonideological Responses of the Egyptian Ulama to Modernization,» in Nikki R. Keddie (ed.), Scholars, Saints and Sufis, Muslim Religious Institutions in the Middle East Since 1500 (Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London, 1972), 205–208.
583
Youssef M. Choueiri, Islamic Fundamentalism (London, 1990), 92.
584
Charles T. Adams, «Mawdudi and the Islamic State,» in John Esposito (ed.), Voices of Resurgent Islam (New York and Oxford, 1983); Choueiri, Islamic Fundamentalism, 94–139.
585
Adams, «Mawdudi and the Islamic State,» 101.
586
Mawdudi, Islamic Way of Life (Lahore, 1979), 37.
587
Choueiri, Islamic Fundamentalism, 109.
588
Mawdudi, Jihad in Islam (Lahore, 1976), 5–6.
589
Adams, «Mawdudi and the Islamic State,» 119–120.
590
Jihad in Islam.
591
John O. Voll, «Fundamentalism in the Sunni Arab World: Egypt and the Sudan,» in Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appleby (eds.), Fundamentalisms Observed (Chicago and London, 1991), 369–74; Yvonne Haddad, «Sayyid Qutb: Ideologue of Islamic Revival,» in Esposito (ed.), Voiced of Islamic Revival; Choueiri, Islamic Fundamentalism, 96–151.
