Денис Шевчук - Английский язык: самоучитель

Example: He prepares application forms every day.

He is preparing an application form now.

He prepared an application form last month.

2. Ask General and Special Questions.

Задайте общие и специальные вопросы.

1. We had electricity and central heating on the farm.

………………………………………………………………………………?

What…………………………………………………………………………?

2. The waiter served us very well in that restaurant.

……………………………………………………………………………….?

Where…………………………………………………………………………?

3. He got a diploma in architecture last month.

………………………………………………………………………………..?

What diploma…………………………………………………………………?

4. Her choice was extremely rewarding.

…………………………………………………………………………………?

Whose choice………………………………………………………………….?

5. The twins came to their parents without any news.

…………………………………………………………………………………?

Why……………………………………………………………………………?

6. They studied this subject at the age of ten.

………………………………………………………………………………….?

At what age…………………………………………………………………….?

7. They ordered a lot of delicious food.

………………………………………………………………………………….?

What……………………………………………………………………………?

3. Write a short story in the Past. Use the words given.

Напишите небольшой рассказ в прошедшем времени, используя данные слова.

A. born, date, month, primary school, grandmother, parents, develop, get, extremely rewarding, subjects.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

B. application form, interview for a job, choice, extremely difficult, diploma, news, congratulations.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

C. restaurant, waiter, order, gravy, roast, enough, hungry, plain water, enjoy, delicious meal.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Study some more Irregular Verbs.

Выучите еще несколько неправильных глаголов.

To break-broke

To buy-bought

To bring-brought [bro: t]

To drink-drank

To drive-drove

To eat-ate

To give-gave

To leave-left

To make-made

To meet-met

To put-put

To say-said [sed]

To sell-sold

To send-sent

To speak-spoke

To teach-taught [to: t]

To tell-told

To think-thought

To understand-understood

To write-wrote

Put these stories into Past.

Перепишите рассказы в прошедшем времени.

A. I always go to the same restaurant at the weekend. I drive my car there. I always leave my car at the entrance. The porter says «Good evening» to me. I take the table at the window. They always serve fresh tasty food there. I drink red wine and eat roast and marinated vegetables. For dessert they bring cakes and then ice-cream. Nothing special but…this is just what I want.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

B. My mother is a primary school teacher and I understand her choice very well. She meets new people all the time. And she makes them feel happy. She teaches very small children. It is difficult but extremely rewarding. She thinks very much about her job. In the evening she tells us a lot about her little students. Sometimes she speaks to the kids’ parents or sends notes to them.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

The Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives

Степени сравнения прилагательных

Как и в русском языке, в английском прилагательные имеют три степени сравнения: положительную, сравнительную и превосходную.

Например, вкусный – вкуснее – самый вкусный

Образование:

У односложных и некоторых двусложных прилагательных (заканчивающихся на – r или – y) степени сравнения образуются путем прибавления к положительной форме суффиксов – er для сравнительной формы и – est для превосходной (эта форма используется с артиклем the).

Cheap – cheaper – t he cheapest

Happy – happier – the happiest

Правописание:

Удваивается согласная после краткой гласной (чтобы сохранить закрытый слог): big – bigger – the biggest.

Конечная – e опускается: nice – nicer – the nicest.

У большинства двусложных прилагательных, а также прилагательных, состоящих из трех и более слогов, степени сравнения образуются при помощи слов more и the most.

Expensive – more expensive – the most expensive

Useful – more useful – the most useful

Исключения, которые необходимо запомнить:

Good – better – the best

Bad – worse – the worst

5. Form the degrees of comparison of adjectives.

Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Strange -

Interesting -

Simple -

Bad -

Fresh -

Smal l-

Cold -

Comfortable -

Tired -

Wet -

Hot -

Beautiful -

Healthy -

Important -

Long -

6. Make up your own sentences with the adjectives.

Например: longer

This way is longer than that one.

the longest

That way is the longest (of all three).

more comfortable

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

easier

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

more relaxing

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

the biggest

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

the most expensive

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

the worst

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

the most stressful

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

nicer

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

better

………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Translate into Russian. Pay special attention to the articles.

Переведите на русский язык. Обратите особое внимание на употребление артиклей.

A better teacher, the best teacher, a more expensive area, more important post, the most interesting meeting, a worse soccer match, the worst food, better food, a better holiday, the most comfortable flight, the oldest castle, a hotter day, a more interesting subject, more interesting subjects, the worst choice, a bigger part, the most important year.

8. Translate into English.

Переведите на английский язык.

1. Этот год был лучшим и наиболее полезным в моей жизни.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. Он рассказал нам о более важном предмете в нашей школе.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Первый класс был самым сложным для меня.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. Мы увидели самые плохие фермы в нашем районе.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Я заинтересован принять участие в самом интересном проекте года.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

6. Его выбор не хуже Вашего, но лучше моего (mine).

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

7. Я думаю, это более современный замок на этой территории.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

READING AND SPEAKING PRACTICE

1. Answer the questions.

Ответьте на вопросы.

1. When did you start work?

2. When did you leave school?

3. What did you do after school?

4. What diploma did you get?

5. How did you get your job?

6. What did you write on your application form?

7. What did you tell your boss at the job interview?

8. Was your first job rewarding?

9. Which job was the most interesting?

10. Is your present job better than the jobs you did before?

2. Read the story. Close your eyes. Say what you remember. Ask five questions about the life of Mr. Brown.

Прочитайте рассказ. Закройте глаза и расскажите все, что Вы запомнили. Задайте пять вопросов о жизни мистера Брауна.

Mr. Brown had an interview for a job a week ago. He wanted to get the job very much but there was a big problem. Mr. Brown didn’t have enough practice. And what he wrote on his application form was not true. He was born in 1965, but he wrote 1968. He left school when he was sixteen, not eighteen. He worked as a tea-boy. He went to college in 1985. He got a diploma in business management. He didn’t go to University. It was his second job, not the third. He didn’t give good answers to the manager’s questions and didn’t get the job.

Your questions:

…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………….

3. Make up dialogues using the following words and phrases.

Составьте диалоги, используя следующие слова и выражения.

A. Good morning, an application form, speak about yourself in your own words, study in England, get a diploma in marketing, see you later.

B. be born, on a farm, primary school, look like a big square house, no electricity, grades, teach a lot of subjects, have no choice, rewarding.

4. Read and try to learn the dialogue.

Прочитайте диалог и постарайтесь выучить его.

Tom Hall: Good morning. Please sit down. Now I have your application form here. But tell me about yourself in your own words.

Rachel: Right. I was born in Manchester on the fifth of October, 1975. When I was twelve, my parents went to Africa.

Tom Hall: To Africa? Did you go with your parents?

Rachel: No, I stayed in England. I lived with my grandmother. But on holidays I went to Africa.

Tom Hall: Very nice. Where did you go to school?

Rachel: In Manchester. I went to the local primary school. Then, when I was twelve, I went to Claremont, the local secondary school.

Tom Hall: But you didn’t stay there, did you?

Rachel: No, I left when I was sixteen.

Tom Hall: Can I ask why?

Rachel: Yes, of course. I went to another school. Because Claremont didn’t teach Business Studies.

Tom Hall: Ah! And then?

Rachel: I went to college.

Tom Hall: And did you get a diploma in Marketing?

Rachel: That’s it.

Tom Hall: That’s nice.

5. Read the menu of an Indian restaurant. Then make some dialogues between the waiter and the customers.

Прочитайте меню индийского ресторана. Составьте несколько диалогов между официантом и посетителями этого ресторана.

Example:

Waiter: Good evening, sir. This is our menu, please.