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{14} Oaks B. M., Dodd K. W., Meinhold C. L., Jiao L., Church T. R., Stolzenberg-Solomon R. Z., «Folate intake, post-folic acid grain fortification, and pancreatic cancer risk in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial», Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2010, 91 (2), p. 449–455.

{15} Balder H. F., Vogel J., Jansen M. C., Weijenberg M. P., Van den Brandt P. A., Westenbrink S., Van der Meer R., Goldbohm R. A., «Heme and chlorophyll intake and risk of colorectal cancer in the Netherlands cohort study», Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev, 2006, 15 (4), p. 717–725.

{16} Vogel J. de, Jonker-Termont D. S., Van Lieshout E. M., Katan M. B., Van der Meer R., «Green vegetables, red meat and colon cancer: Chlorophyll prevents the cytotoxic and hyperproliferative effects of haem in rat colon», Carcinogenesis, 2005, 26 (2), p. 387–393.

{17} Daswood R. H., «Chlorophylls as anticarcinogens», International Journal of Oncology, 1997, 10 (4), p. 721–727.

{18} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et légumes et la santé, op. cit.

{19} Ibid.

{20} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.

{21} Ibid.

{22} Abu J., Batuwangala M., Herbert K., Symonds P., «Retinoic acid and retinoid receptors: potential chemopreventive and therapeutic role in cervical cancer», Lancet Oncol., 2005, 6 (9), p. 712–720.

{23} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et légumes et la santé, op. cit.

{24} Ibid.

{25} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.

{26} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et légumes et la santé, op. cit.

{27} Ibid.

{28} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.

{29} Ibid.

{30} Ibid.

{31} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et légumes et la santé, op. cit.

{32} Seeram N.P., Adams L. S., Zhang Y., Lee R., Sand D., Scheuller H. S., Heber D., «Blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry, and strawberry extracts inhibit growth and stimulate apoptosis of human cancer cells in vitro», J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54 (25), p. 9329–9339.

{33} Mittal A., Elmets C. A., Katiyar S. K., «Dietary feeding of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds prevents photocarcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mice: Relationship to decreased fat and lipid peroxidation», Carcinogenesis, 2003, 24 (8), p. 1379–1388.

{34} Yi W., Fischer J., Krewer G., Akoh C. C., «Phenolic compounds from blueberries can inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis», J. Agric. Food Chem, 2005, 53 (18), p. 7320–7329.

{35} Yun J. M., Afaq F., Khan N., Mukhtar H., «Delphinidin, an anthocyanidin in pigmented fruits and vegetables, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human colon cancer HCT116 cells», Mol. Carcinog., 2009, 48 (3), p. 260–270.

{36} Afaq F., Zaman N., Khan N., Syed D. N., Sarfaraz S., Zaid M. A., Mukhtar H., «Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway by delphinidin, an anthocyanidin in pigmented fruits and vegetables», Int. J. Cancer, 2008, 123 (7), p. 1508–1515.

{37} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et légumes et la santé, op. cit.

{38} Ibid.

{39} Lin Y., Shi R., Wang X., Shen H. M., «Luteolin, a flavonoid with potential for cancer prevention and therapy», Curr. Cancer Drug Targets, 2008, 8 (7), p. 634–646.

{40} Ibid.

{41} Zhou Q., Yan B., Hu X., Li X. B., Zhang J., Fang J., «Luteolin inhibits invasion of prostate cancer PC3 cells through E-cadherin», Mol. Cancer Ther., 2009, 8 (6), p. 1684–1691.

{42} Butler L. M., Wu A. H., Wang R., Koh W. P., Yuan J. M., Yu M. C., «A vegetable-fruit-soy dietary pattern protects against breast cancer among post-menopausal Singapore Chinese women», Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2010, 91 (4), p. 1013–1019.

{43} Armstrong B., Doll R., «Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices», Int. J. Cancer, 1975, 15, p. 617–631.

{44} FAO, INPhO: Compendium Chapter19 Soybeans 1.6 Consumer Preferences, 2007. Disponible sur: http://www.fao.org/inpho/content/ compend/text/Ch19sec1_6.htm (consulté le 24 mars 2010).

{45} Yan L., Spitznagel E. L., Bosland M. C., «Soy consumption and colorectal cancer risk in humans: A meta-analysis», Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev, 2010, 19 (1), p. 148–158.

{46} Nagata C., Takatsuka N., Kawakami N., Shimizu H., «A prospective cohort study of soy product intake and stomach cancer death», Br. J. Cancer, 2002, 87 (1), p. 31–36.

{47} Jacobsen B. K., Knutsen S. F., Fraser G. E., «Does high soy milk intake reduce prostate cancer incidence? The Adventist Health Study (United States)», Cancer Causes Control., 1998, 9 (6), p. 553–557.

{48} Kim H. Y., Yu R., Kim J. S., Kim Y. K., Sung M. K., «Antiproliferative crude soy saponin extract modulates the expression of Ikappa Balpha, protein kinase C, and cyclooxygenase-2 in human colon cancer cells», Cancer Lett., 2004, 210 (1), p. 1–6.

{49} Buteau-Lozano H., Velasco G., Cristofari M., Balaguer P., Perrot-Applanat M., «Xenoestrogens modulate vascular endothelial growth factor secretion in breast cancer cells through an estrogen receptor-dependent mechanism», J. Endocrinol., 2008, 196 (2), p. 399–412.

{50} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.

{51} Aviello G., Abenavoli L., Borrelli F., Capasso R., Izzo A. A., Lembo F., Romano B., Capasso F., «Garlic: Empiricism or science?», Nat. Prod. Commun, 2009, 4 (12), p. 1785–1796.

{52} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.

{53} Ibid.

{54} Ibid.

{55} Santé Canada, Le nitrate et le nitrite, 1987. Disponible sur: http:// www.hcsc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/nitrate_nitrite/index-fra.php (consulté le 25 mars 2010).

{56} Société canadienne du cancer, Concentrations de résidus de pesticides dans les aliments, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.cancer.ca/ canada-wide/prevention/specific%20environmental%20contaminants/ pesticides/pesticides%20on%20vegetables%20and%20fruit/levels%20of% 20pesticide%20residues%20in%20food.aspx?sc_lang=fr-ca (consulté le 24 mars 2010).

{57} EWG, People Can Reduce Pesticide Exposure by 80 Percent Through Smart Shopping and Using the Guide, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www. ewg.org/newsrelease/EWG-New-Pesticide-Shoppers-Guide (consulté le 25 mars 2010).

{58} Ministère de l’Économie, des Finances et de l’Industrie. Synthèse des résultats des plans de surveillance et de contrôle des résidus de pesticides dans les denrées d’origine végétale. Données 2004. Annexe 2. Plan de surveillance fruits et légumes: présentation détaillée des résultats.

{59} DGCCRF, Surveillance et contrôle des résidus de pesticides dans les produits d’origine végétale en 2007, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www. dgccrf.bercy.gouv.fr/actualites/breves/2009/brv0109_pesticides.htm (consulté le 24 mars 2010).

{60} Ibid.

{61} Société canadienne du cancer, Concentrations de résidus de pesticides dans les aliments, op. cit.

{1} Shields P. G., Xu G. X., Blot W. J., Fraumeni J. F. Jr, Trivers G. E., Pellizzari E. D., Qu Y. H., Gao Y. T., Harris C. C., «Mutagens from heated Chinese and US cooking oils», J. Natl. Cancer. Inst., 1995, 87 (11), p. 836–841.

{2} Yu I. T., Chiu Y. L., Au J. S., Wong T. W., Tang J. L., «Doseresponse relationship between cooking fumes exposures and lung cancer among Chinese nonsmoking women», Cancer Res., 2006, 66 (9), p. 4961–4967.

{3} PNNS, Matières grasses: à limiter. Bien les choisir pour vraiment en profiter. Disponible sur: http://www.mangerbouger.fr/menu-secondaire/ manger-mieux-c-est-possible/les-9-reperes-essentiels/matieres-grasses-a-limi-ter.html (consulté le 19 mars 2010).

{4} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.

{5} PNNS, Matières grasses: à limiter, op. it.

{6} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.

{7} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.

{8} Ibid.

{9} Thiébaut A., Chajès V., Clavel F., Gerber M., «Apport en acides gras insaturés et risque de cancer du sein: revue des études épidémiologiques», Bulletin du cancer, 2005, 92 (7–8), p. 658–669.

{10} Pouyat-Leclère J., Birlouez I., Cuisson et Santé. Guide des bonnes pratiques de cuisson pour une alimentation plus saine, Alpen, 2005.

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{12} Sanchez-Muniz F. J., «Oils and fats: Changes due to culinary and industrial processes», Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 2006, 76 (4), p. 230–237.

{13} Warner K., «Impact of high-temperature food processing on fats and oils», Adv. Exp. Med. Biol, 1999, 459, p. 67–77.

{14} Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, Evaluations globales de la cancérogénicité pour l’homme, Disponible sur: http:// monographs.iarc.fr/FR/Classification/crthall.php (consulté le 07 mars 2010).

{15} DGCCRF, Qualité des huiles de friture, 2001. Disponible sur: http://www.dgccrf.bercy.gouv.fr/fonds_documentaire/dgccrf/04_ dossiers/consommation/controles_alimentaires/actions/friture0902.htm (consulté le 19 mars 2010).

{16} The Culinary Institute of America, The New Professional Chef, John Wiley & Sons, 1996.

{17} Shields P. G., Xu G. X., Blot W. J., Fraumeni J. F. Jr, Trivers G. E., Pellizzari E. D., Qu Y. H., Gao Y. T., Harris C. C., «Mutagens from heated Chinese and US cooking oils», J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 1995, 87 (11), p. 836–841.

{18} Lee C. H., Yang S. F., Peng C. Y., Li R. N., Chen Y. C., Chan T. F., Tsai E. M., Kuo F. C., Huang J. J., Tsai H. T., Hung Y. H., Huang H. L., Tsai S., Wu M. T., «The precancerous effect of emitted cooking oil fumes on precursor lesions of cervical cancer», Int. J. Cancer, 9 décembre 2009, epub.

{19} Metayer C., Wang Z., Kleinerman R. A., Wang L., Brenner A. V., Cui H., Cao J., Lubin J. H., «Cooking oil fumes and risk of lung cancer in women in rural Gansu, China», Lung Cancer, 2002, 35 (2), p. 111–117.

{20} Ibid.

{21} Lin S. Y., Tsai S. J., Wang L. H., Wu M. F., Lee H., «Protection by quercetin against cooking oil fumes-induced DNA damage in human lung adenocarcinoma CL-3 cells: Role of COX-2», Nutr. Cancer, 2002, 44 (1), p. 95—101.

{22} Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, Evaluations globales de la cancérogénicité pour l’homme, op. cit.

{23} AFSSA, Acrylamide: point d’information n° 2, 2003. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/Documents/RCCP2002sa0300.pdf (consulté le 19 mars 2010).

{24} Health Canada, Acrylamide levels in selected Canadian foods, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/securit/chem-chim/food-aliment/acrylamide/acrylamide_level-acrylamide_niveau-eng.php (consulté le 19 mars 2010).

{25} EFSA, Acrylamide, 2010. Disponible sur: http://www.efsa.europa. eu/fr/contamtopics/topic/acrylamide.htm (consulté le 19 mars 2010).

{26} Mottram D. S., Wedzicha B. L., Dodson A. T., «Acrylamide is formed in the Maillard reaction», Nature, 2002, 419 (6906), p. 448–449.

{27} AFSSA, Acrylamide: point d’information n° 2, op. cit.

{28} Ibid.

{29} Ibid.

{30} Lin S. Y., Tsai S. J., Wang L. H., Wu M. F., Lee H., «Protection by quercetin against cooking oil fumes-induced DNA damage in human lung adenocarcinoma CL-3 cells: Role of COX-2», op. cit.

{31} AFSSA, Acrylamide: point d’information n° 2, op. cit.

{32} Ibid.

{33} AFSSA, La Cuisson au barbecue. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa. fr/index.htm (consulté le 19 mars 2010).

{34} AFSSA, Etude individuelle nationale des consommations alimentaires 2 (INCA 2) 2006–2007, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/ Documents/PASER-Ra-INCA2.pdf (consulté le 15 mars 2010).

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{4} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.

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