Кирилл Резников - Запросы плоти. Еда и секс в жизни людей
53
Гоббс Т. Левиафан // Томас Гоббс. Избранные сочинения. М.: 1965, с. 153.
54
Ryan C., Jethá C. Sex at dawn… P. 202; Charles Darwin’s Beagle Diary. 5th March 1834 // http://darwinbeagle.blogspot.ru/2009/03/5th-march-1834.html.
55
Хрисанфова Е.Н., Перевозчиков И.В. Антропология. 4-е изд. М.: Изд-во МГУ; Наука, 2005, с. 318.
56
Belovsky G.F. An optimal foraging-based model of hunter-gatherer population dynamics // J. Anthropological Archeology, 1988, vol. 7, p. 329–372; Diamond J.M. The worst mistake in history of Human race // Discover Magazine, May 1987, pp. 64–66.
57
Инфантицид – уничтожение детей в младенчестве.
58
Верхний палеолит (40–10 тыс. лет назад) – последний период «древнекаменного века» (палеолита).
59
Angel L.J. Health as a crucial factor in the changes from hunting to developed farming in the eastern Mediterranean // Cohen M.N., Armelagos G.J. (eds.) Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture (proceedings of a conference held in 1982). Orlando: Academic Press, 1984, pp. 51–73.
60
Ibid.
61
Талассемия – группа наследственных заболеваний, распространенных в регионах эндемичных по малярии. При талассемии изменяется структура гемоглобина, что приводит в гомозиготной форме к тяжелым заболеваниям, включающим аномалии костей черепа и скелета, а в гетерозиготной форме обеспечивает устойчивость к заражению плазмодиями малярийного камара.
62
Diamond J. The worst mistake in the history of the Human Race // Discover Magazine, May 1987, p. 66.
63
Phillips S.A., Jurva J.V., Syed A.Q. et al. Benefit of low-fat over low-carbohydrate diet on endothelial health in obesity // Hypertension, 2008, vol. 51, p. 376–382; Foo S.Y., Heller E.R., Wykrzykowska J. et al. Vascular effects of a low-carbohydrate high-protein diet // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, vol. 106, p. 15418-15423; Lagiou P., Sandin S., Lof M. et al. Low carbohydrate-high protein diet and incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Swedish women: prospective cohort study // British Medical Journal. 2012 Jun 26; 344 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e4026.
64
Алексеев В.П. Глава 4. Демографическая и этническая ситуация // История первобытного общества. Эпоха классобразования. М.: Наука, 1988, с. 309.
65
Angel L.J. Health as a crucial factor in the changes… P. 51–73.
66
Samaras T.T., Elrick H. Height, body size and longevity //Acta Med. Okayama, 1999, vol. 53, p. 149–169; Samaras T.T., Erlick H. Height, body size, and longevity: is smaller better for the human body? // West J Med. 2002, vol. 176(3), p. 206–208.
67
Smith G.D. The conundrum of height and mortality // West J Med, 2002, vol. 176(3), p. 209.
68
Gavrilova NS, Gavrilova LA. Physical and socioeconomic characteristics at young age as predictors of survival to 100: a study of a new historical data resource (U.S. WWI draft cards) // Living to 100 and beyond: Survival at advanced ages [online monograph]. The Society of Actuaries, 2008.
69
Harris M. Our kind. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1989, p. 182.
70
Цит. по: Sauer N.Y. Applied anthropology and the conception of race: A legacy of Linnaeus // C. Gordon (Ed.) Race, ethnicity and applied bioanthropology (Bulletin No.13). Arlington, VA: American Anthropological Association, 1993, p. 79.
71
Rosenberg N.A., Pritchard J.K., Weber J.L. et al. 2002. Genetic structure of human populations. Science, vol. 298: pp. 2381–2385.
72
Coon C.S. The origin of races. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 1962, p. 3.
73
Хуснутдинова Э.К. 2003. Этногеномика и генетическая история народов Восточной Европы. Вестник РАН, т. 73, сc. 614–621.
74
Johnson J.D. The regional and ethnic distribution of lactose malabsorption. Adaptive and genetic hypotheses. In: Paige D.M., Bayless T.M., eds. Lactose digestion. Clinical and nutritional implications. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1981, pp.11–22.
75
Tandon R.K., Joshi Y.K., Singh D.S. et al. Lactose intolerance in North and South Indians. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 1981, vol. 35, pp. 943–946.
76
Боринская С.А. Генетическое разнообразие народов. 2004. Природа, № 10, с. 23–32.
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Bersaglieri T., Sabeti P.C., Patterson N. et al. 2004. Genetic signatures of strong recent positive selection at the lactase gene. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 74, 1111–1120.
78
Eriksson N.E., Moller C., Werner S. et al. 2004. Self-reported food hypersensitivity in Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania and Russia. J. Invest. Allergol. Clin. Immunol., vol. 14, pp. 70–79.
79
Hanis C. L.; Boerwinkle E.; Chakraborty R. et al. 1996. A genome-wide search for human non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes genes reveals a major susceptibility locus on chromosome 2. Nature Genet, vol.13, pp. 161–166,
80
Snyder E.E., Walts B., Pe´russe L. et al. 2004. The Human Obesity Gene Map: The 2003 Update. Obesity Res., vol. 12, pp. 369–439.
81
Там же.
82
Rushton J.P. Race evolution and behavior. 2nd Special Abridged Edition. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers. 2000, pp. 41–42.
83
http://www.durex.com/cm/gss2004result.pdf and http://www.durex.com/cm/gss2005result.pdf.
84
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homosexuality.
85
Stirling E.C. Aborigines. In Handbook of South Australia. Adelaide, 1914.
86
Kyle-Little S. Whispering Wind. Adventures in Arnhem Land. London: Hutchinson 1957.
87
Simpson C. Adam in ochre. Sydney: Angus & Robertson, 1938.
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Дридзо А. Как сделать предложение? Традиции народов мира // Ж. Вокруг Света, 1996, № 12.
89
Кон И.С. Вкус запретного плода: сексология для всех. М.: Семья и школа, 1997.
90
Berndt R.M., Berndt C.H. The World of the First Australians. Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press, 1988.
91
Spencer B. and Gillen F. The Arunta, A Study of Stone Age People. Two Vol., Macmillan and Co, London, 1927, p. 138.
92
Kayser M., Brauer S., Weiss G., et al. 2001. Independent histories of human Y chromosomes from Melanesia and Australia. Am. J. Hum. Genet., vol. 68, pp. 173–190.
93
Malinowski В. Magic, Science and Religion and other Essays. Boston: Glencoe, 1948, pp. 29–35.
94
Прионы – белки, обладающие аномальной трехмерной структурой, способные превращать нормальную структуру гомологичных клеточных белков в себе подобные.
95
Koch K.E. Warfare and anthropophagy in Jalé society. Bijdragen Taal-Volkenkunde. Bd. 126, S.51.
96
St Johnston A., Traveller, Fiji Islands, Camping Among Cannibals, Macmillan, 1883.
97
Kelly R.C. 1976. Witchcraft and sexual relations: an exploration in the social and semantic implications of the structure of belief. In Brown, P. & Buchbinder, G. (Eds.) Man and Woman in the New Guinea Highlands. Special Publication of the American Anthropological Association, pp. 36–53.
98
Malinowski В. The Sexual Life of Savages in Northwestern Melanesia. New York: Horace Liveright, 1929, p. 57–58.
99
Ibid., p. 56.
100
Theroux P. The Happy Isles of Oceania: Paddling the Pacific. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1992, p. 119.
101
Lewis de Bougainville. A Voyage Round the World, trans. J.R. Forster, London, 1772, p. 218.
102
Lewis de Bougainville. Voyage autour du monde par la frégate du roi La Boudeuse et la flûte L'Étoile. 1771., рус. пер. – Кругосветное путешествие на фрегате «Будез» и транспорте «Этуаль» в 1766—69 годах, М., 1961.
103
Ibid., p. 228.
104
Анакреон – древнегреческий поэт земных радостей, популярный в Век Просвещения.
105
Ibid., pp.223–249.
106
Simmons D., Thompson C.F. and Volklander D. 2001. Polynesians: prone to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus but not hyperinsulinemia. Diabet. Med., vol. 18, pp. 193–198.
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Houghton P. 1990. The adaptive significance of Polynesian body form. Annals Human Biol., vol. 17, pp. 19–32.
108
Kayser M., Brauer S., Cardaux R., et al. Melanesian and Asian origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y chromosome gradients across the Pacific. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2006, vol. 23, pp. 2234–2244.
109
Аутосомное ДНК – ДНК соматических (неполовых) хромосом.
110
Friedlander J.S., Friedlander F.R., Reed F.A., et al. The genetic structure of Pacific islanders. PLoS Genetics. 2008, vol. 4. pp. 0173–0190.
111
Азиатские предки полинезийцев знали обработку металлов и ткачество, но утратили эти навыки в ходе морских странствований.
112
О каве рассказано в главе «Меланезия».
113
Stevenson R.L. In the South Seas. Penguin Classics, 1998, p. 71.
114
Маорийский алфавит было предложен в 1815 г. Джоном Кендаллом.
115
Commodore Byron, Captain Carteret, Captain Wallis, And Captain Cook, Voyages in the Southern Hemisphere, Vols. II–III. London: W.Strahan; and T.Cadell, 1773, pp. 127–128.
116
Ibid., pp. 206–207.
117
Marshall, D. S. Island of Passion, Ra'Ivavae. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1962, pp. 241–259.
118
Finsch, O. 1880. Über die Bewohner von Ponapé (östl. Carolinen), Zeitschr Ethnol 12: p316, as quoted by Stoll, O. Das Geschlechtsleben in die Völkerpsychologie. Leipzig: Veit, 1908, p. 547.
119
Куннилингус – оральное стимулирование клитора и входа во влагалище.
120
Marshall D.S. Sexual Behavior in Mangaia // D.S. Marshall & R.C. Suggs, Human Sexual Behavior. New York: Basic Books, 1971 p. 118.
121
Ibid., p. 123.
122
Ibid., p. 156.
123
Macaulay V., Hill K., Achill A. et al. Single, rapid coastal settlement of Asia revealed by Analysis of complete mitochondrial genome. Science, vol. 238, pp. 1034–1036.
124
Hill C., Soares P., Mormina M. et al. Phylogeography and ethnogenesis of Aboriginal Southeast Asians. Mol. Biol. Evol., vol. 21, pp. 2480–2491.
125
Ref. in: Winzeler, R.L. Sexual Status in Southeast Asia: Comparative Perspectives on Women, Agriculture and Political Organization. In: P.V. Esterik, ed. Women of Southeast Asia. Occasional Paper No. 9, Center of Southeast Asian Studies. Dekalb, Ill.: Northern Illinois University, 1982, p. 178.
126
Бима – мифологический герой, кующий оружие на своем бедре рукой, вместо молотка.
127
Wieringa E.P. 2002. A Javanese handbook for would-be husbands: The Sěrat Kandraning Wanita. J. Southeast Asian Studies, vol. 33, p. 443.
128
Karafet T.M., Lansing J.S., Redd A.J., et al. 2005. Balinese Y-chromosome perspective on the peopling of Indonesia: genetic contribution of Pre-Neolitic hunter-gatherers, Austronesian farmers, and Indian traders. Human Biology, vol. 77, pp. 93-113.
129
Mead, M. Male and Female. Mentor Book ed., New York, 1955, p. 62.
130
O'Hanlon R. Into the Heart of Borneo. The Salamander Press: Edinburgh, 1984, p. 30.
131
Matsumura H., Pookajorn S. 2005. A morphometric analysis of the Late Pleistocene human skeleton from the Moh Khiew Cave in Thailand. J. Comp. Human Biol., v. 56, pp. 93-118.
132
Connelly K. Touch the Dragon. A Thai Journal. Winnipeg: Thurston Press, 1992, p. 13.
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